Rubber hoses are very common in daily life. This type of hose has low fluid resistance, small volume expansion, good chemical corrosion resistance, light weight, small outer diameter, and a single length of up to 1200m. The hose joint is made of high-quality carbon steel or stainless steel material, and the vulcanization process is divided into bare vulcanization, wrapped water cloth vulcanization, and water vulcanization according to the different pressurization methods of the hose.

1. Bare vulcanization

Cotton thread weaving, winding, and weaving rubber hoses with smaller inner diameters, as well as coreless fabric rubber hoses, often use bare vulcanization. This method has a simple process, low labor intensity, and high production efficiency. However, due to the lower external pressure during vulcanization compared to water in cloth, the process is more complex. Difficulty in control, prone to quality issues such as bubbles, delamination, and deformation. The operation process is to seal both ends of the tube blank covered with outer rubber to prevent steam from entering and causing delamination during vulcanization, and then place it flat on the vulcanization rack tray and send it to the vulcanization tank for vulcanization.

2. Bandaging water cloth vulcanization

Generally applicable to rubber pipes formed by hard core method, the water cloth pipe blank is wound on a three roll forming machine or a water cloth winding machine, placed flat on a vulcanization frame, padded with soft pillows (to prevent the rubber pipe from being compacted during vulcanization), and then sent to a vulcanization tank for vulcanization. For rubber hoses with special structures and thick walls, in addition to wrapping them with water cloth, they also need to be pressurized with ropes or steel wires.

3. Water sulfurization

Generally applicable to coreless wrapped rubber hoses, the method is to seal both ends of the tube blank covered with outer glue, place it flat in a water tank, and inject cold water into each tube one by one to submerge the tube body in water. Maintain internal and external pressure balance, and then send it to the vulcanization tank for vulcanization. Due to the need to first heat the water in the water tank into superheated water (usually with a steam pressure of 0.4~0.5MPa), the vulcanization time is relatively long, ranging from 2 to 3 hours. The production efficiency of this vulcanization method is lower than that of bare vulcanization, but the quality of the rubber hose is relatively stable.

The above is the vulcanization process of rubber pipes. In order to solve various problems such as safety and ease of operation, most of the current vulcanization methods use vulcanization tanks. The method is to place the formed tube blank in a vulcanization tank and use saturated steam or water as the heat transfer medium for heating and pressure vulcanization. The vulcanization temperature is generally 145-153 degrees Celsius.